PSUs and their categorization

A State owned enterprises in India is called a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) or a Public Sector Enterprise. These companies are owned by the union Govt of India or one of the many state or territorial governments or both together in parts. The company stock is majority-owned by the government in a PSU. PSUs are classified as central public sector enterprises (CPSUs, CPSEs) or state level public enterprises (SLPEs).

The Public Sector Enterprises are run by the Government under the Department of Public Enterprises of Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises. 

The government grants the status of Navratna, Miniratna and Maharatna to Central Public Sector Enterprises based upon the profit made by these CPSEs in order to delegate them higher financial and operational powers. The Maharatna category has been the most recent one since 2009, other two have been in function since 1997

                           •Maharatna -10

                            •Navaratna-14

                            •Miniratnas-74

CPSEs are one of the Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) where Central Government has direct holding of more than 51%. And through the different criteria laid down by the central government, these CPSEs have been classified into three different categories- Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna.

There is a dedicated department that looks into the affairs of PSUs or public sector undertakings known as the Department of Public Enterprise (DPE), earlier known as the Bureau of Public enterprise as well.

The department has the authority to set guidelines and policies that are evaluating criterion for the performance of the CPSEs. The measure it with the parameters that the central government as proposed so that the titles or the statuses are given on a fair evaluation on which company will be awarded the Maharatna, Navaratna, or even the Miniratna.

The Criteria For Getting A Maharatna

There is are again categories of 1 and 2 for the above statuses. Let’s ponder onto the eligibility criterion which is crucial for determining the Maharatna status of the company

• Should be listed company in the stock exchange
• Should have an average turnover of  Rs.25,000cr.
• The average net profit of the company should be Rs.5000cr.
• The average net worth of the company has to be Rs. 15,000cr in the last three years
• Should already by a Navaratna PSU to be awarded the Maharatna

The Criteria For Getting A Navaratna status

Given below are the criteria an organisation needs to fufill to get the Navratna Status:

• Should already have Miniratna status
• Also has to have a rating of either very good or excellent for three of the five years that are taken into consideration
• There are parameters for which the company will be scored, and an ideal score of 60 and above out of 100 can avail the Navaratna title.

This Parameter includes 6 indicators which have a maximum weight of 100 as follows:

Performance Indicators	Maximum Weight
Net Profit to Net worth	25
Manpower Cost to total Cost of Production or Cost of Services	15
PBDIT to Capital employed	15
PBIT to Turnover	15
Earning Per Share	10
Inter Sectoral Performance	20

The Criteria For Getting A Miniratna

Apparently, there are only two conditions that need to be fulfilled to earn the Miniratna status.

• The PSUs which happen to make profits three years in a row
• And the company should have a positive net worth

List of Maharatna & Navratna Companies

Given below is the List Of Maharatna & Navratna Companies:

Maharatna Companies in India	Navaratna companies in India
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited	Bharat Electronics Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited	Container Corporation of India Limited
Coal India Limited	Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
GAIL India Limited	Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited	National Aluminium Company Limited
Indian Oil Corporation Limited	NBCC India Limited
NTPC Limited	NMDC limited
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited	NLC India Limited
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited	Oil India Limited
Steel Authority of India Limited	Power Finance Corporation Limited
	Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited
	Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
	Shipping Corporation Of India Limited
	Engineers India Limited

List of Miniratna Companies

Miniratna Category – I CPSEs

1. Airports Authority of India
2. Antrix Corporation Limited
3. Balmer Lawrie & Co. Limited
4. Bharat Coking Coal Limited
5. Bharat Dynamics Limited
6. BEML Limited
7. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
8. Bridge & Roof Company (India) Limited
9. Central Warehousing Corporation
10. Central Coalfields Limited
11. Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited
12. Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited
13. Cochin Shipyard Limited
14. Cotton Corporation of India Limited
15. EdCIL (India) Limited
16. Kamarajar Port Limited
17. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited
18. Goa Shipyard Limited
19. Hindustan Copper Limited
20. HLL Lifecare Limited
21. Hindustan Newsprint Limited
22. Hindustan Paper Corporation Limited
23. Housing & Urban Development Corporation Limited
24. HSCC (India) Limited
25. India Tourism Development Corporation Limited
26. Indian Rare Earths Limited
27. Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Limited
28. Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited
29. Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited
30. India Trade Promotion Organization
31. IRCON International Limited
32. KIOCL Limited
33. Mazagaon Dock Shipbuilders Limited
34. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
35. MOIL Limited
36. Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemical Limited
37. Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited
38. Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited
39. MMTC Limited
40. MSTC Limited
41. National Fertilizers Limited
42. National Projects Construction Corporation Limited
43. National Small Industries Corporation Limited
44. National Seeds Corporation
45. NHPC Limited
46. Northern Coalfields Limited
47. North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
48. Numaligarh Refinery Limited
49. ONGC Videsh Limited
50. Pawan Hans Helicopters Limited
51. Projects & Development India Limited
52. Railtel Corporation of India Limited
53. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited
54. Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Limited
55. RITES Limited
56. SJVN Limited
57. Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited
58. South Eastern Coalfields Limited
59. Telecommunications Consultants India Limited
60. THDC India Limited
61. Western Coalfields Limited
62. WAPCOS Limited

Miniratna Category-II CPSEs

63. Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India
64. Bharat Pumps & Compressors Limited
65. Broadcast Engineering Consultants India Limited
66. Central Railside Warehouse Company Limited
67. Engineering Projects (India) Limited
68. FCI Aravali Gypsum & Minerals India Limited
69. Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited
70. HMT (International) Limited
71. Indian Medicines & Pharmaceuticals Corporation Limited
72. MECON Limited
73. National Film Development Corporation Limited
74. Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Limited